Breast disease and surgery encompass a variety of conditions and procedures related to the breast tissue. Here's an overview of some common breast diseases and the surgical options available for treatment:

Common Breast Diseases

• Breast Cancer: This is the most common breast disease. It occurs when cells in the breast grow out of control. There are different types of breast cancer, including ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), invasive ductal carcinoma, and invasive lobular carcinoma.
• Benign Breast Conditions: These include fibroadenomas (non-cancerous lumps), fibrocystic breast changes (lumpy or tender breasts), and intraductal papillomas (small benign tumors in the milk ducts).
• Breast Infection (Mastitis): This is often associated with breastfeeding and causes redness, pain, and swelling in the breast.
• Breast Cysts: Fluid-filled sacs in the breast that are usually benign and can be drained if they cause discomfort.
• Gynecomastia: An enlargement of breast tissue in males, which can be caused by hormonal imbalances or other medical conditions.

Breast Surgery

• Lumpectomy: This is a breast-conserving surgery that removes the cancerous lump and a small margin of surrounding tissue while preserving most of the breast.
• Mastectomy: This involves the removal of the entire breast and is used to treat or prevent breast cancer. There are several types of mastectomy, including total mastectomy and modified radical mastectomy.
• Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy: This procedure involves removing a few lymph nodes to determine whether breast cancer has spread.
• Axillary Lymph Node Dissection:< If cancer has spread to the lymph nodes, a surgeon may remove more lymph nodes from the underarm area.
• Breast Reconstruction: This surgery rebuilds the shape of the breast after a mastectomy. It can be done using implants or tissue from other parts of the body.
• Reduction Mammaplasty: Also known as breast reduction surgery, this procedure reduces the size of large breasts for both cosmetic and medical reasons.
• Mastopexy: Also known as a breast lift, this surgery raises and firms the breasts by removing excess skin and tightening the surrounding tissue.
• Augmentation Mammaplasty: Also known as breast augmentation, this surgery increases breast size using implants.